For instance, a potential benefit of EUR 700 million per year for the European aviation industry alone has been quoted, which does not account for other regions, let alone other markets, such as defence sustainment and operations.īesides promising major economic impact, the areas of predictive maintenance, CBM, PHM, IVHM and closely related concepts have attracted increasing attention from a research perspective. These activities-typically encapsulated using terms such as predictive maintenance, prognostics and health management (PHM), integrated vehicle health management (IVHM) or aircraft health management (AHM)-feed into a condition-based maintenance (CBM) strategy, which is estimated to provide significant benefits in terms of both cost and time. Over the last decades, the continued increase in the introduction and use of sensor technologies, as well as the increased digitalisation of aircraft operations and support, have opened avenues to monitor, assess, and predict the health of aircraft structures, systems, and components. Current maintenance programs-both in civil and military contexts-predominantly use “fixed-time-interval and preventive maintenance programs… …can lead to unplanned maintenance activities, comprehensive inspections when no damage is present, or unnecessary replacement of undamaged parts”. ![]() Continued airworthiness must be ensured while meeting objectives regarding the availability and cost of aircraft operations, to ensure the economic use of aircraft. It highlights that challenges in predictive maintenance and PHM for researchers and practitioners alike do not necessarily revolve solely on what can be monitored, but also covers how robust decisions can be made with the quality of data available.Ĭurrent strategies and policies for aircraft maintenance serve the goal of keeping aircraft in an airworthy state, meaning they are safe for continued operations. The scope is primarily confined to fixed-wing defence aircraft, including legacy and emerging aircraft platforms. This discussion highlights state-of-the-art applications and associated success factors in predictive maintenance and decision support, followed by an identification of practical and research challenges. The review utilises a systematic methodology incorporating bibliometric analysis of the considered domain, as well as text processing and clustering of a set of aligned review papers to position the core topics for subsequent discussion. While defence aircraft share similarities with civil aviation platforms, defence aircraft exhibit significant variation in operations and environment and have different performance objectives and constraints. This review paper aims to address these gaps by providing a systematic two-stage review of predictive maintenance focused on a defence domain context, with particular focus on the operations and sustainment of fixed-wing defence aircraft. When considering the latter, several limitations remain, including a lack of research methodology definition, and a lack of review papers on predictive maintenance which focus on military applications within a defence context. Predictive maintenance and closely related concepts, such as prognostics and health management (PHM) have attracted increasing attention from a research perspective, encompassing a growing range of original research papers as well as review papers. ![]() In recent decades, the increased use of sensor technologies, as well as the increase in digitalisation of aircraft sustainment and operations, have enabled capabilities to detect, diagnose, and predict the health of aircraft structures, systems, and components.
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